Erzurum (Armenian: Կարին Karin), is a city in eastern Turkey. It is the largest city in and the eponymous capital of Erzurum Province.
The city is situated 1757 meters (5766 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 361,235 in the 2000 census, increasing to 367,250 by 2010.
Erzurum, known as "The Rock" in NATO code, served as NATO's southeastern-most air force post during the Cold War. The city uses the double-headed Anatolian Seljuk Eagle as its coat-of-arms, a motif based on the double-headed Byzantine Eagle that was a common symbol throughout Anatolia and the Balkans in the medieval period.
Erzurum has some of the finest winter sports facilities in Turkey and hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade.
The name "Erzurum" derives from Artsn (Arcn, Artze, Arzan; Armenian: Արծն), a neighboring commercial city that was subjected to a heavy sack by the Seljuk Turks in 1048-49. When its Armenian, Syrian, and other Christian inhabitants relocated to Erzurum (then named Theodosiopolis), they began calling it "Artsn Rum" (Arzan ar-Rum, meaning Arzan of the Romans) in order to distinguish their former residence from their new one. Erzurum, the distorted form of Arzan ar-Rum, eventually came to be known as such by the city's Muslim inhabitants.
Source: Wikipedia
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